RESUMEN
Engagement in physical activity, across various sports, promotes a diverse microbiota in active individuals. This study examines the gut microbiota of Colombian athletes, specifically weightlifters (n = 16) and road cyclists (n = 13), compared to non-athletes (n = 15). Using Kruskal-Wallis tests, the physical activity level of a group of non-athletic individuals and the sports experience of a group of professional athletes is analyzed. The median age of participants is 24 years, comprising 25 men and 19 women. The microbiota is collected using fecal samples. Participants provided these samples during their pre-competitive stage, specifically during the concentration phase occurring two weeks prior to national competitions. This timing is chosen to capture the microbial composition during a period of heightened physical preparation. Questionnaire responses and microbial composition assessments identify disparities among groups. Microbial composition analysis explores core microbiome, abundance, and taxonomy using Pavian, MicrobiomeAnalyst 2.0, and GraPhlAn. ANCOM-BC2 reveals differentially abundant species. Road cyclists exhibit decreased Bacteria and increased Archaea abundance. Phylum-level variations included Planctomycetes, Acidobacteria, and Proteobacteria, while Bacteroidetes prevailed. Key families influencing gut microbiota are Bacteroidaceae, Muribaculaceae, and Selenomonadaceae. Weightlifters exhibit unique viral and archaeal community connections, while cyclists showed specialized microbial interplay influenced by endurance exercise. Correlation network analysis emphasizes distinctive microbial interactions within athlete groups, shedding light on the impact of physical activities on gut microbiota and athlete health.
RESUMEN
Introducción: La incidencia de ACV (Accidente Cerebrovascular) en niños es de 2-13/100.000 niños por año, siendo una de las 10 causas más frecuentes de muerte en la infancia. La misma varía entre 6-40% dependiendo de las series publicadas y de los subtipos de ACV. Existen diferencias importantes entre el ACV en niños y adultos, ya que las características neurológicas y de la hemostasia son muy distintas en cada grupo. En niños deben ser investigados múltiples factores de riesgo que a menudo se superponen entre sí. Materiales y métodos: Trabajo descriptivo retrospectivo por revisión de historias clínicas, de una población de niños con diagnóstico de ACV ingresados en UCIP en un período de 10 años. Resultados: Se confirmó el diagnóstico de ACV en un total de 84 pacientes. El 70,24% de la población correspondía a ACVH (Accidente Cerebrovascular Hemorrágico) y un 29,76% ACVI (Accidente Cerebrovascular Isquémico). El 60,71 % eran masculinos. La mediana del tiempo entre el inicio de los síntomas y el ingreso a UCIP, en ambos grupos fue de 1 día con rango entre 1-17 días para los ACVH y 1-9 para los ACVI. Se evaluaron variables clínicas, de diagnóstico y de tratamiento según ambos tipos de ACV. Conclusión: El ACV requiere de un abordaje multidisciplinario. La realización de neuro-imágenes es un pilar fundamental para el diagnóstico y no debe ser pospuesto. El monitoreo y tratamiento está enfocado en minimizar el daño en el parénquima cerebral circundante (AU)
Introduction: The incidence of stroke in children is 2-13/100,000 children a year, being one of the 10 most common causes of death in childhood. Mortality varies between 6 and 40% depending on the series reported and according to the different subtypes of stroke. There are important differences between childhood and adult stroke, as the neurological features and characteristics of hemostasis vary greatly. In children, multiple risk factors that often overlap should be investigated. Material and methods: A retrospective descriptive review of the clinical records of a series of patients with stroke admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) over a period of 10 years was conducted. Results: The diagnosis of stroke was confirmed in 84 patients; 70.24% had hemorrhagic and 29.76% ischemic stroke. Overall, 60.71% were boys. Median time between symptom onset and admission to the PICU was one day in both groups, ranging from 1-17 días for those with hemorrhagic and from 1-9 days for those with ischemic stroke. Clinical, diagnostic, and treatment variables were evaluated for both types of stroke. Conclusion: Stroke requires a multidisciplinary approach. Neuroimaging is essential for the diagnosis and should not be postponed. Monitoring and treatment is focused on minimizing damage to the surrounding brain parenchyma (AU)
